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Trinity/After Pentecost · The Fourteenth Sunday after Trinity

Galatians 5:16-24

The Works of the Flesh and the Fruit of the Spirit

September 6, 2026

The Liberation of Saint Peter (Deliverance of Saint Peter), Raphael
The Liberation of Saint Peter (Deliverance of Saint Peter), Raphael, 1514Stanza di Eliodoro, Apostolic Palace, Vatican
Painted around a real window, so the fresco has three light sources competing with the daylight: the angel, a torch, and the moon. It is Raphael's most ambitious night piece.For freedom Christ has set us free: Galatians argues it, and this is the Bible's most literal picture of chains falling off.RaphaelRaphael Sanzio of Urbino (1483-1520), the youngest of the three who defined the High Renaissance. He died on Good Friday at thirty-seven.Stanza di Eliodoro, Apostolic Palace, VaticanOne of the four Raphael Rooms, the papal apartments Julius II had redecorated while Michelangelo was on the chapel ceiling next door.Stanza di Eliodoro, Apostolic Palace, Vatican
Historic One-Year Lectionary
GospelLuke 17:11-19Lk 17:11-19
EpistleGal. 5:16-24Gal 5:16-24
Old TestamentProv. 4:10-23Prv 4:10-23
PsalterPs. 119:9-16Ps 119:9-16

Overview & Insights

"The fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, generosity, faithfulness." (Galatians 5:22)

Paul urges believers to walk by the Spirit rather than gratify the desires of the flesh. He contrasts the works of the flesh with the fruit of the Spirit that marks a life led by God.

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Take it further: Galatians 5:16-24

Commentary

Enduring Word Bible Commentary Galatians Chapter 5Enduring Word Bible Commentary Gal Chapter 5 Enduring Word · David Guzik

David Guzik's verse by verse evangelical commentary on walking by the Spirit and the fruit of the Spirit.

Galatians 5:16 CommentariesGal 5:16 Commentaries BibleHub

Aggregates classic commentaries on the flesh against the Spirit and the ninefold fruit in one place.

Galatians 5 CommentaryGal 5 Commentary Precept Austin

A deep gathering of word studies and cross references worked verse by verse through flesh and Spirit.

Galatians 5, Expository NotesGal 5, Expository Notes StudyLight

Thomas Constable's expository notes on the works of the flesh and the fruit of the Spirit.

Background & Word Study

Book of Galatians OverviewBook of Gal Overview BibleProject

An animated overview of Galatians that frames Christian freedom lived out by the Spirit.

Galatians 5:16 Greek InterlinearGal 5:16 Greek Interlinear BibleHub

Greek word by word with parsing for flesh, Spirit, the works listed, and the fruit borne.

The Church Fathers

Commentary on Galatians 5 from the Church FathersCommentary on Gal 5 from the Church Fathers Catena

Patristic comment gathered verse by verse on walking by the Spirit and its fruit.

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