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Pentecost Season · The Most Holy Trinity · Year C

John 16:12-15

The Work of the Holy Spirit

The Inspiration of Saint Matthew, Caravaggio
The Inspiration of Saint Matthew, Caravaggio, 1602Contarelli Chapel, San Luigi dei Francesi, Rome · public domain

Overview & Insights

“When the Spirit of truth comes, he will guide you into all the truth.” (John 16:13)

The second farewell discourse runs most closely parallel to the first precisely where it is most properly a “farewell” (i.e., where it addresses directly the question of Jesus’ impending departure; cf. 13:33). Here, inevitably, is also where the differences between the two discourses become most noticeable. Whereas the first discourse was largely structured around a series of questions by various disciples, here the question-and-answer method seems to be consciously abandoned. The earlier discourse began with Peter’s “Lord, where are you going?” in 13:36, but here Jesus makes the specific statement that none of you asks me “Where are you going?” (v. 5b). The reference is not simply to questions but to the specific question that touched off the whole discourse comprising 13:36–14:31. It is as if Jesus shows awareness of 13:36 but makes a conscious effort to do things differently.

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What is the work of the Holy Spirit?

Jesus promises that it is to their advantage that he go, for he will send the Helper, who will convict the world concerning sin and righteousness and judgment, and guide the disciples into all truth, glorifying Christ.

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