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Trinity/After Pentecost · The Nineteenth Sunday after Trinity

Psalm 84

How Lovely Is Your Dwelling Place

Schwalben im Nest (Swallows in the Nest), Friedrich Zeller
Schwalben im Nest (Swallows in the Nest), Friedrich Zeller, 1869Wikimedia Commons (painter died over 100 years ago)
A nineteenth-century German painting of nothing but a swallow's nest under an eave, with the birds coming and going.Even the sparrow finds a home and the swallow a nest for herself, where she may lay her young, at your altars. Psalm 84 envies the birds, and this is the nest.Friedrich ZellerA nineteenth-century German painter of small natural subjects, about whom little is recorded.Wikimedia Commons (painter died over 100 years ago)No holding institution is recorded with the image; it is known from the public domain reproduction.Wikimedia Commons (painter died over 100 years ago)

Overview & Insights

“How lovely is your dwelling place, O Lord of hosts!… a day in your courts is better than a thousand elsewhere.” (Psalm 84:1, 10)

Psalm 84 was probably sung on behalf of pilgrims, either at the beginning of their journey or upon their arrival at the temple. It explicitly confesses the blessed state of “those . . . who have set their hearts on pilgrimage” (v. 5, the Hb. text here is somewhat unclear, but the NIV presents a reasonable interpretation). As they pass through various regions “till each appears before God in Zion,” they require strength to make the pilgrim journey (vv. 6–7). Although this blessing seems to encourage hope for the anticipated journey, the opening descriptions of the temple (vv. 1–4) imply the temple is now in sight. The reference to “appearing before God” may help us to be more specific about the location of this psalm in Israel’s liturgical calendar. This phrase is used repeatedly in connection with the three annual pilgrimage festivals (Exod. 23:15, 17; 34:23–24; Deut. 16:16; cf. Isa. 1:12).

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Take it further: Psalm 84

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What is Psalm 84?

A pilgrim song of longing for the temple: blessed are those who dwell in God’s house and those whose strength is in him, going from strength to strength till they appear before God in Zion.

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