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Time after Pentecost · Proper 28 · Year A

1 Thessalonians 5:1-11

Living to Please God

Starry Night, Jean-François Millet
Starry Night, Jean-François Millet, c. 1850-65Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven
A night field under a sky thick with stars, the ground almost black and no figure in it.The day of the Lord will come like a thief in the night. But you are not in darkness; you are all children of light and children of the day.Jean-François MilletMillet, who painted the night sky over the fields he worked in thirty years before van Gogh did.Yale University Art Gallery, New HavenThe Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven.Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven

Overview & Insights

“And so we will be with the Lord forever. Therefore encourage one another with these words.” (1 Thessalonians 4:17–18)

The first three chapters of this letter are largely personal and historical in character, the last two practical and doctrinal. They are joined in the Greek by the conjunction oun, which sometimes expresses a logical connection, as in Romans 12:1 where the exhortation arises out of the doctrinal exposition (cf. also Eph. 4:1; Col. 3:5). But not here. The oun is simply transitional. In his report, Timothy may have noted a tendency, or at least a temptation, for the Thessalonians to slip back into heathen conduct. There is always the pressure to conform—the downward pull of society. Paul exhorts them, therefore, to holiness (vv. 1–8; cf. 5:22f.), and to love (vv. 9f.), taking up the themes of the prayer of 3:11–13. He also pleads that they live quiet and industrious lives (vv. 11f.). Bruce suggests that the urgency of the exhortation betrays some resistance on the part of the Thessalonians.

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Background & Word Study

The Church Fathers

Questions preachers ask

What is Paul’s hope for the dead?

Paul comforts the grieving: those who have died in Christ are not lost; at the Lord’s coming they will rise first and all will be with him forever. “Encourage one another with these words” (1 Thessalonians 4:13–18).

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