Romans 12:1-2

“Present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship.” (Romans 12:1)

Romans 12:1–2 is, in genre, parenetic (exhortational) material. The basis of Paul’s challenge to the Roman Christians (and us as well) is the mercy of God—that is, the blessings of the new covenant delineated in 3:21–11:36: justification, sanctification, glorification, and so forth. Thus, the indicative is the basis of the imperative. In light of those mercies, Paul challenges believers to live out the will of God. God’s will is spelled out in 12:3–15:33: using one’s spiritual gifts for the body of Christ (12:3–8); being a witness of Christ to society even if persecuted for doing so (12:9–21); obeying the government (13:1–7); living in the light of the imminent parousia (13:8–14); accepting one’s fellow Christians (14:1–15:13); and supporting evangelism and missions (15:14–33). Thus, 12:1–2 introduces the theme of 12:3–15:33: commit to being witnesses of the new covenant. Romans 12:1–2 is easily outlined: 1.

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